South Africa

4.1 Numbers, Operations and Relationships

• 4.1.1 Whole numbers

  • 4.1.1.a Mental calculations involving:

    • 4.1.1.a.1 Addition and subtraction of:

      • 4.1.1.a.1.1 units

      • 4.1.1.a.1.2 multiples of 10

        • Addition patterns over increasing place values (4-B.6)
        • Subtraction patterns over increasing place values (4-C.4)
        • Mentally add and subtract numbers ending in zeroes (4-F.8)

      • 4.1.1.a.1.3 multiples of 100

        • Addition patterns over increasing place values (4-B.6)
        • Subtraction patterns over increasing place values (4-C.4)
        • Mentally add and subtract numbers ending in zeroes (4-F.8)

      • 4.1.1.a.1.4 multiples of 1000

        • Addition patterns over increasing place values (4-B.6)
        • Subtraction patterns over increasing place values (4-C.4)
        • Mentally add and subtract numbers ending in zeroes (4-F.8)

    • 4.1.1.a.2 Multiplication of whole numbers to at least 10 x 10

      • Multiplication facts to 12 (4-D.1)
      • Choose the multiples of a given number up to 12 (4-D.3)

    • 4.1.1.a.3 Multiplication facts of:

      • 4.1.1.a.3.1 units by multiples of 10

        • Multiplication patterns over increasing place values (4-D.7)

      • 4.1.1.a.3.2 Units by multiples of 100

        • Multiplication patterns over increasing place values (4-D.7)

  • 4.1.1.b Number range for counting, ordering, comparing and representing, and place value of digits

    • 4.1.1.b.1 Count forwards and backwards in 2s, 3s, 5s, 10s, 25s, 50s, 100s between 0 and at least 10 000.

      • Skip-counting sequences (4-L.5)

    • 4.1.1.b.2 Order, compare and represent numbers to at least 4-digit numbers

      • Put numbers in order (3-A.10)
      • Word names for numbers (4-A.3)
      • Inequalities with number lines (4-A.8)
      • Compare numbers up to five digits (4-A.9)

    • 4.1.1.b.3 Represent odd and even numbers to at least 1 000.

      • Even or odd (2-A.6)
      • Even or odd: arithmetic rules (4-A.7)

    • 4.1.1.b.4 Recognize the place value of digits in whole numbers to at least 4-digit numbers

      • Place values (4-A.1)

    • 4.1.1.b.5 Round off to the nearest 10, 100, 1000

      • Rounding (4-A.6)

  • 4.1.1.c Number range for calculations

    • 4.1.1.c.1 Addition and subtraction of whole numbers of at least 4 digits

      • Add numbers up to five digits (4-B.1)
      • Add numbers up to five digits: word problems (4-B.2)
      • Add three or more numbers up to five digits each (4-B.5)
      • Subtract numbers up to five digits (4-C.1)
      • Subtract numbers up to five digits: word problems (4-C.2)
      • Mentally add and subtract numbers ending in zeroes (4-F.8)

    • 4.1.1.c.2 Multiplication of at least whole 2-digit by 2-digit numbers

      • Multiply one-digit numbers by two-digit numbers (4-D.4)
      • Multiply one-digit numbers by three-digit or four-digit numbers (4-D.5)
      • Multiply one-digit numbers by larger numbers (4-D.6)
      • Box multiplication (4-D.11)
      • Lattice multiplication (4-D.12)
      • Multiply a two-digit number by a two-digit number: complete the missing steps (4-D.13)
      • Multiply a two-digit number by a two-digit number (4-D.14)
      • Multiply a two-digit number by a two-digit number: word problems (4-D.15)
      • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number: complete the missing steps (4-D.17)
      • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number (4-D.18)
      • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number: word problems (4-D.19)
      • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes (4-D.20)
      • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes: word problems (4-D.21)
      • Multiply three numbers up to two digits each (4-D.22)
      • Multiply three or more numbers: word problems (4-D.23)

    • 4.1.1.c.3 Division of at least whole 3-digit by 1-digit numbers

      • Divide larger numbers (4-E.4)
      • Divide larger numbers: word problems (4-E.5)
      • Divide numbers ending in zeroes (4-E.9)

  • 4.1.1.d Calculation techniques

    • 4.1.1.d.1 Use a range of techniques to perform and check written and mental calculations of whole numbers including

      • 4.1.1.d.1.1 estimation

        • Estimate sums (4-B.8)
        • Estimate sums: word problems (4-B.9)
        • Estimate differences (4-C.6)
        • Estimate differences: word problems (4-C.7)
        • Estimate products (4-D.9)
        • Estimate products: word problems (4-D.10)
        • Estimate quotients (4-E.10)
        • Estimate quotients: word problems (4-E.11)
        • Estimate sums, differences, products and quotients: word problems (4-F.3)

      • 4.1.1.d.1.2 building up and breaking down numbers

        • Complete the addition sentence - up to three digits (3-D.4)
        • Balance addition equations - up to three digits (3-D.5)
        • Complete the addition sentence - four or more digits (3-D.12)
        • Balance equations - four or more digits (3-D.13)
        • Complete the subtraction sentence - up to three digits (3-E.4)
        • Balance subtraction equations - up to three digits (3-E.5)
        • Place values (4-A.1)
        • Convert between place values (4-A.2)
        • Addition: fill in the missing digits (4-B.3)
        • Choose numbers with a particular sum (4-B.7)
        • Subtraction: fill in the missing digits (4-C.3)
        • Choose numbers with a particular difference (4-C.5)
        • Choose numbers with a particular product (4-D.16)
        • Choose numbers with a particular quotient (4-E.8)

      • 4.1.1.d.1.3 rounding off and compensating

        • Rounding (4-A.6)
        • Add numbers up to five digits (4-B.1)
        • Add numbers up to five digits: word problems (4-B.2)
        • Add three or more numbers up to five digits each (4-B.5)
        • Subtract numbers up to five digits (4-C.1)
        • Subtract numbers up to five digits: word problems (4-C.2)
        • Multiply one-digit numbers by larger numbers (4-D.6)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a two-digit number (4-D.14)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a two-digit number: word problems (4-D.15)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number (4-D.18)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number: word problems (4-D.19)
        • Multiply three numbers up to two digits each (4-D.22)
        • Multiply three or more numbers: word problems (4-D.23)
        • Divide larger numbers (4-E.4)
        • Divide larger numbers: word problems (4-E.5)
        • Add, subtract, multiply and divide (4-F.1)
        • Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division word problems (4-F.2)

      • 4.1.1.d.1.4 doubling and halving

        • Multiply by 2 (3-G.3)
        • Divide by 2 (3-I.2)

      • 4.1.1.d.1.5 using a number line

        • Inequalities with number lines (4-A.8)
        • Add numbers up to five digits (4-B.1)
        • Add numbers up to five digits: word problems (4-B.2)
        • Add three or more numbers up to five digits each (4-B.5)
        • Subtract numbers up to five digits (4-C.1)
        • Subtract numbers up to five digits: word problems (4-C.2)
        • Multiply one-digit numbers by larger numbers (4-D.6)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a two-digit number (4-D.14)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a two-digit number: word problems (4-D.15)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number (4-D.18)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number: word problems (4-D.19)
        • Multiply three numbers up to two digits each (4-D.22)
        • Multiply three or more numbers: word problems (4-D.23)
        • Divide larger numbers (4-E.4)
        • Divide larger numbers: word problems (4-E.5)
        • Add, subtract, multiply and divide (4-F.1)
        • Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division word problems (4-F.2)

      • 4.1.1.d.1.6 using addition and subtraction as inverse operations

        • Complete the addition sentence - up to three digits (3-D.4)
        • Balance addition equations - up to three digits (3-D.5)
        • Complete the addition sentence - four or more digits (3-D.12)
        • Balance equations - four or more digits (3-D.13)
        • Complete the subtraction sentence - up to three digits (3-E.4)
        • Balance subtraction equations - up to three digits (3-E.5)
        • Solve variable equations (4-G.5)

      • 4.1.1.d.1.7 using multiplication and division as inverse operations

        • Multiplication facts up to 12: find the missing factor (3-F.4)
        • Missing factors - facts to 12 - word problems (3-F.5)
        • Properties of division (4-E.3)
        • Solve variable equations (4-G.5)

  • 4.1.1.e Number range for multiples and factors

    • 4.1.1.e.1 Multiples of 1-digit numbers to at least 100

      • Choose the multiples of a given number up to 12 (4-D.3)

  • 4.1.1.f Properties of whole numbers

    • 4.1.1.f.1 Recognize and use the commutative, associative, and distributive properties with whole numbers

      • Properties of addition (4-B.4)
      • Properties of multiplication (4-D.8)

  • 4.1.1.g Solving problems

    • 4.1.1.g.1 Solve problems in contexts involving whole numbers, including

      • 4.1.1.g.1.1 financial contexts

        • Compare money amounts (4-M.1)
        • Round to the nearest ten cents (4-M.2)
        • Round to the nearest ten cents: word problems (4-M.3)
        • Round to the nearest rand or more (4-M.4)
        • Add and subtract money amounts (4-M.5)
        • Making change (4-M.6)
        • Price lists (4-M.7)

      • 4.1.1.g.1.2 measurement contexts

        • Scale drawings: word problems (4-N.7)
        • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (4-O.1)
        • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)
        • Compare and convert metric units of mass (4-O.3)
        • Compare and convert metric units of volume (4-O.4)
        • Perimeter: find the missing side lengths (4-R.2)

    • 4.1.1.g.2 Solve problems involving whole numbers, including

      • 4.1.1.g.2.1 comparing two or more quantities of the same kind (ratio)

        • Determine the ratio (4-N.1)
        • Ratio tables (4-N.2)
        • Write a ratio: word problems (4-N.3)
        • Identify equivalent ratios (4-N.4)
        • Write an equivalent ratio (4-N.5)
        • Scale drawings: word problems (4-N.7)

      • 4.1.1.g.2.2 comparing two quantities of different kinds (rate)

        • Unit rates and equivalent rates (4-N.6)

      • 4.1.1.g.2.3 grouping and equal sharing with remainders

        • Division facts to 10 (4-E.1)
        • Division facts to 10: word problems (4-E.2)
        • Divide larger numbers (4-E.4)
        • Divide larger numbers: word problems (4-E.5)
        • Interpret remainders (4-E.7)

• 4.1.2 Common Fractions

  • 4.1.2.a Describing and ordering fractions:

    • 4.1.2.a.1 Compare and order common fractions with different denominators (halves; thirds, quarters; fifths; sixths; sevenths; eighths)

      • Graph and compare fractions on number lines (4-S.9)
      • Compare fractions (4-S.10)
      • Order fractions with like numerators or denominators (4-S.11)
      • Order fractions (4-S.12)

    • 4.1.2.a.2 Describe and compare common fractions in diagram form

      • Fractions review (4-S.1)
      • Graph and compare fractions on number lines (4-S.9)
      • Compare fractions (4-S.10)

  • 4.1.2.b Calculations with fractions:

    • 4.1.2.b.1 Addition of common fractions with the same denominators

      • Add and subtract fractions with like denominators (5-J.3)
      • Add and subtract fractions with like denominators: word problems (5-J.4)

    • 4.1.2.b.2 Recognize, describe and use the equivalence of division and fractions

      • Convert between improper fractions and mixed numbers (4-S.15)

  • 4.1.2.c Solving problems

    • 4.1.2.c.1 Solve problems in contexts involving fractions, including grouping and equal sharing

      • Pie charts (4-J.11)
      • Determine the ratio (4-N.1)
      • Write a ratio: word problems (4-N.3)
      • Fractions review (4-S.1)
      • Fractions of a whole: word problems (4-S.2)
      • Fractions of a group: word problems (4-S.3)

  • 4.1.2.d Equivalent forms:

    • 4.1.2.d.1 Recognize and use equivalent forms of common fractions (fractions in which one denominator is a multiple of another)

      • Find equivalent fractions using area models (4-S.4)
      • Graph equivalent fractions on number lines (4-S.5)
      • Equivalent fractions (4-S.6)
      • Patterns of equivalent fractions (4-S.7)
      • Write fractions in lowest terms (4-S.8)

• 4.1.3 Decimal fractions

  • Convert fractions and mixed numbers to decimals (4-T.9)
  • Convert decimals to fractions and mixed numbers (4-T.10)
  • Compare decimals and fractions (4-T.12)

4.2 Patterns, Functions and Algebra

• 4.2.1 Numeric patterns

  • 4.2.1.a Investigate and extend patterns

    • 4.2.1.a.1 Investigate and extend numeric patterns looking for relationships or rules of patterns:

      • 4.2.1.a.1.1 sequences involving a constant difference or ratio

        • Skip-counting sequences (4-L.5)
        • Complete a geometric number pattern (4-L.7)
        • Patterns of equivalent fractions (4-S.7)

      • 4.2.1.a.1.2 of learner's own creation

    • 4.2.1.a.2 Describe observed relationships or rules in learner's own words

      • Write a two-variable equation (4-H.3)

  • 4.2.1.b Input and output values

    • 4.2.1.b.1 Determine input values, output values and rules for patterns and relationships using

      • 4.2.1.b.1.1 flow diagrams

      • 4.2.1.b.1.2 tables

        • Complete the division table (4-E.6)
        • Input/output tables with addition, subtraction, multiplication and division (4-H.1)
        • Complete a table for a two-variable relationship (4-H.2)
        • Ratio tables (4-N.2)

  • 4.2.1.c Equivalent forms

    • 4.2.1.c.1 Determine equivalence of different descriptions of the same relationship or rule presented

      • 4.2.1.c.1.1 verbally

        • Write variable expressions (4-G.1)
        • Write variable expressions: word problems (4-G.2)
        • Write variable equations to represent word problems (4-G.4)
        • Write a two-variable equation (4-H.3)

      • 4.2.1.c.1.2 in a flow diagram

      • 4.2.1.c.1.3 in a table

        • Write a two-variable equation (4-H.3)

      • 4.2.1.c.1.4 by a number sentence

        • Write variable expressions (4-G.1)
        • Write variable expressions: word problems (4-G.2)
        • Write variable equations to represent word problems (4-G.4)
        • Write a two-variable equation (4-H.3)

• 4.2.2 Geometric patterns

  • 4.2.2.a Investigate and extend patterns

    • 4.2.2.a.1 Investigate and extend geometric patterns looking for relationships or rules of patterns

      • 4.2.2.a.1.1 represented in physical or diagram form

        • Find the next shape in a repeating pattern (4-L.1)
        • Complete a repeating pattern (4-L.2)
        • Make a repeating pattern (4-L.3)
        • Find the next row in a growing pattern of shapes (4-L.4)
        • Number patterns: mixed review (4-L.9)

      • 4.2.2.a.1.2 sequences not limited to a constant difference or ratio

        • Complete an increasing number pattern (4-L.6)
        • Complete a geometric number pattern (4-L.7)

      • 4.2.2.a.1.3 of learner's own creation

    • 4.2.2.a.2 Describe observed relationships or rules in learner's own words

      • Write a two-variable equation (4-H.3)

  • 4.2.2.b Input and output values

    • 4.2.2.b.1 Determine input values, output values and rules for the patterns and relationships using flow diagrams

  • 4.2.2.c Equivalent forms

    • 4.2.2.c.1 Determine equivalence of different descriptions of the same relationship or rule presented

      • 4.2.2.c.1.1 verbally

        • Write variable expressions: word problems (4-G.2)
        • Write variable equations to represent word problems (4-G.4)

      • 4.2.2.c.1.2 in a flow diagram

      • 4.2.2.c.1.3 by a number sentence

        • Identify equivalent ratios (4-N.4)

• 4.2.3 Number sentences

  • 4.2.3.a Number sentences

    • 4.2.3.a.1 Write number sentences to describe problem situations

      • Write variable expressions (4-G.1)
      • Write variable expressions: word problems (4-G.2)
      • Write variable equations to represent word problems (4-G.4)
      • Write a two-variable equation (4-H.3)

    • 4.2.3.a.2 Solve and complete number sentences by

      • 4.2.3.a.2.1 inspection

        • Addition: fill in the missing digits (4-B.3)
        • Choose numbers with a particular sum (4-B.7)
        • Subtraction: fill in the missing digits (4-C.3)
        • Choose numbers with a particular difference (4-C.5)
        • Choose numbers with a particular product (4-D.16)
        • Choose numbers with a particular quotient (4-E.8)
        • Solve variable equations (4-G.5)

      • 4.2.3.a.2.2 trial and improvement

        • Addition: fill in the missing digits (4-B.3)
        • Choose numbers with a particular sum (4-B.7)
        • Subtraction: fill in the missing digits (4-C.3)
        • Choose numbers with a particular difference (4-C.5)
        • Choose numbers with a particular product (4-D.16)
        • Choose numbers with a particular quotient (4-E.8)
        • Solve variable equations (4-G.5)

    • 4.2.3.a.3 Check solution by substitution

      • Addition: fill in the missing digits (4-B.3)
      • Choose numbers with a particular sum (4-B.7)
      • Subtraction: fill in the missing digits (4-C.3)
      • Choose numbers with a particular difference (4-C.5)
      • Choose numbers with a particular product (4-D.16)
      • Choose numbers with a particular quotient (4-E.8)
      • Solve variable equations (4-G.5)

4.3 Space and Shape (Geometry)

• 4.3.1 Properties of 2-D shapes

  • 4.3.1.a Range of shapes

    • 4.3.1.a.1 Recognize, visualize and name 2-D shapes in the environment and geometric settings

      • 4.3.1.a.1.1 regular and irregular polygons - triangles, squares, rectangles, other quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons

        • Identify two-dimensional shapes (3-Q.1)
        • Which two-dimensional figure is being described? (4-Q.1)
        • Identify three-dimensional figures (4-Q.2)
        • Identify faces of three-dimensional figures (4-Q.4)

      • 4.3.1.a.1.2 circles

        • Identify two-dimensional shapes (3-Q.1)
        • Which two-dimensional figure is being described? (4-Q.1)
        • Identify three-dimensional figures (4-Q.2)
        • Identify faces of three-dimensional figures (4-Q.4)

  • 4.3.1.b Characteristics of shapes

    • 4.3.1.b.1 Describe, sort and compare 2-D shapes in terms of

      • 4.3.1.b.1.1 straight and curved sides

        • Identify two-dimensional shapes (3-Q.1)

      • 4.3.1.b.1.2 number of sides

        • Count vertices, edges and faces (4-Q.3)
        • Number of sides in polygons (4-Q.8)

  • 4.3.1.c Further activities

    • 4.3.1.c.1 Draw 2-D shapes on grid paper

• 4.3.2 Properties of 3-D objects

  • 4.3.2.a Range of objects

    • 4.3.2.a.1 Recognize, visualize and name 3-D objects in the environment and geometric settings, focusing on:

      • 4.3.2.a.1.1 rectangular prisms,

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (4-Q.2)
        • Which three-dimensional figure is being described? (4-Q.5)

      • 4.3.2.a.1.2 spheres

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (4-Q.2)
        • Which three-dimensional figure is being described? (4-Q.5)

      • 4.3.2.a.1.3 cylinders

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (4-Q.2)
        • Which three-dimensional figure is being described? (4-Q.5)

      • 4.3.2.a.1.4 pyramids

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (4-Q.2)
        • Which three-dimensional figure is being described? (4-Q.5)

  • 4.3.2.b Characteristics of objects

    • 4.3.2.b.1 Describe, sort and compare 3-D objects in terms of

      • 4.3.2.b.1.1 shapes of faces

        • Identify faces of three-dimensional figures (4-Q.4)
        • Which three-dimensional figure is being described? (4-Q.5)
        • Nets of three-dimensional figures (4-Q.6)

      • 4.3.2.b.1.2 flat and curved surfaces

  • 4.3.2.c Further activities

    • 4.3.2.c.1 Make 3-D models using cut out polygons

      • Nets of three-dimensional figures (4-Q.6)

• 4.3.3 Symmetry

  • 4.3.3.a Symmetry

    • 4.3.3.a.1 Recognize, draw and describe line(s) of symmetry in 2-D shapes

      • Identify lines of symmetry (4-Q.14)
      • Rotational symmetry (4-Q.15)

• 4.3.4 Transformations

  • 4.3.4.a Build composite shapes

    • 4.3.4.a.1 Put 2-D shapes together to make different composite 2-D shapes including some shapes with line symmetry.

  • 4.3.4.b Tessellations

    • 4.3.4.b.1 Pack out 2-D shapes to make tessellated patterns including some patterns with line symmetry.

  • 4.3.4.c Describe patterns

    • 4.3.4.c.1 Refer to lines, 2-D shapes, 3-D objects and lines of symmetry when describing patterns

      • 4.3.4.c.1.1 in nature

      • 4.3.4.c.1.2 from modern everyday life

      • 4.3.4.c.1.3 our cultural heritage

• 4.3.5 Viewing of objects

  • 4.3.5.a Position and views

    • 4.3.5.a.1 Match different views of everyday objects

      • Identify faces of three-dimensional figures (4-Q.4)

    • 4.3.5.a.2 Identify everyday objects from different views

• 4.3.6 Position and movement

  • 4.3.6.a Location and directions

    • 4.3.6.a.1 Locate position of objects, drawings or symbols on a grid with alpha-numeric grid references

      • Objects on a coordinate plane (4-I.1)
      • Graph points on a coordinate plane (4-I.2)
      • Follow directions on a coordinate plane (4-I.3)

    • 4.3.6.a.2 Locate positions of objects on a map by using alpha-numeric grid references

      • Coordinate planes as maps (4-I.4)

4.4 Measurement

• 4.4.1 Length

  • 4.4.1.a Practical measuring of 2-D shapes and 3-D objects by

    • 4.4.1.a.1 estimating

      • Which metric unit of length is appropriate? (3-P.4)

    • 4.4.1.a.2 measuring

      • Measure using a centimetre ruler (3-P.3)
      • Perimeter (4-R.1)
      • Perimeter: find the missing side lengths (4-R.2)
      • Find the area of figures made of unit squares (4-R.3)
      • Select figures with a given area (4-R.4)
      • Select two figures with the same area (4-R.5)
      • Area and perimeter of figures on grids (4-R.7)
      • Volume (4-R.10)

    • 4.4.1.a.3 recording

    • 4.4.1.a.4 comparing and ordering

      • Which metric unit of length is appropriate? (3-P.4)

  • 4.4.1.b Measuring instruments:

    • 4.4.1.b.1 rulers, metre sticks, tape measures, trundle wheels

      • Measure using a centimetre ruler (3-P.3)

  • 4.4.1.c Units:

    • 4.4.1.c.1 millimetres (mm), centimetres (cm), metres (m), kilometres (km)

      • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (4-O.1)

  • 4.4.1.d Calculations and problem-solving involving length

    • 4.4.1.d.1 Solve problems in contexts involving length

      • Scale drawings: word problems (4-N.7)
      • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)
      • Perimeter: find the missing side lengths (4-R.2)

    • 4.4.1.d.2 Conversions include converting between

      • 4.4.1.d.2.1 millimetres (mm), and centimetres (cm)

        • Compare and convert metric units of length (3-P.5)
        • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)

      • 4.4.1.d.2.2 centimetres (cm) and metres (m)

        • Compare and convert metric units of length (3-P.5)
        • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)

      • 4.4.1.d.2.3 metres (m) and kilometres (km)

        • Compare and convert metric units of length (3-P.5)
        • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)

    • 4.4.1.d.3 Conversions limited to whole numbers and common fractions

      • Compare and convert metric units of length (3-P.5)
      • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)

• 4.4.2 Mass

  • 4.4.2.a Practical measuring of 3-D objects by

    • 4.4.2.a.1 estimating

      • Which metric unit of mass is appropriate? (3-P.6)

    • 4.4.2.a.2 measuring

    • 4.4.2.a.3 recording

    • 4.4.2.a.4 comparing and ordering

      • Which metric unit of mass is appropriate? (3-P.6)

  • 4.4.2.b Measuring instruments:

    • 4.4.2.b.1 bathroom scales, kitchen scales and balances

  • 4.4.2.c Units:

    • 4.4.2.c.1 grams (g) and kilograms (kg);

      • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (4-O.1)

  • 4.4.2.d Calculations and problem-solving involving mass include:

    • 4.4.2.d.1 problems in contexts involving mass

      • Compare and convert metric units of mass (4-O.3)

    • 4.4.2.d.2 converting between grams and kilograms limited to examples with whole numbers and fractions

      • Compare and convert metric units of mass (4-O.3)

• 4.4.3 Capacity/Volume

  • 4.4.3.a Practical measuring of 3-D objects by

    • 4.4.3.a.1 estimating

      • Which metric unit of volume is appropriate? (3-P.8)

    • 4.4.3.a.2 measuring

      • Volume (4-R.10)

    • 4.4.3.a.3 recording

    • 4.4.3.a.4 comparing and ordering

      • Which metric unit of volume is appropriate? (3-P.8)

  • 4.4.3.b Measuring instruments:

    • 4.4.3.b.1 measuring spoons, measuring cups, measuring jugs

  • 4.4.3.c Units:

    • 4.4.3.c.1 millilitres (ml), litres (l)

      • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (4-O.1)

  • 4.4.3.d Calculations and problem solving involving capacity/volume include:

    • 4.4.3.d.1 problems in contexts involving capacity/volume

      • Compare and convert metric units of volume (4-O.4)

    • 4.4.3.d.2 converting between litres and millilitres limited to examples with whole numbers and fractions

      • Compare and convert metric units of volume (3-P.9)
      • Compare and convert metric units of volume (4-O.4)

• 4.4.4 Time

  • 4.4.4.a Reading time and time instruments

    • 4.4.4.a.1 Read, tell and write time in 12-hour and 24-hour formats on both analogue and digital instruments in

      • 4.4.4.a.1.1 hours

        • Match clocks and times (3-O.1)
        • Match analogue and digital clocks (3-O.2)
        • Read clocks and write times (3-O.3)
        • Write times (3-O.5)
        • Convert between 12-hour and 24-hour time (4-P.6)
        • Time zones - 12-hour time (4-P.7)
        • Time zones - 24-hour time (4-P.8)
        • Transportation schedules - 12-hour time (4-P.9)
        • Transportation schedules - 24-hour time (4-P.10)

      • 4.4.4.a.1.2 minutes

        • Match clocks and times (3-O.1)
        • Match analogue and digital clocks (3-O.2)
        • Read clocks and write times (3-O.3)
        • Write times (3-O.5)
        • Convert between 12-hour and 24-hour time (4-P.6)
        • Time zones - 12-hour time (4-P.7)
        • Time zones - 24-hour time (4-P.8)
        • Transportation schedules - 12-hour time (4-P.9)
        • Transportation schedules - 24-hour time (4-P.10)

      • 4.4.4.a.1.3 seconds

        • Convert time units (4-P.1)

    • 4.4.4.a.2 Instruments include clocks and watches

      • Match clocks and times (3-O.1)
      • Match analogue and digital clocks (3-O.2)
      • Read clocks and write times (3-O.3)
      • Write times (3-O.5)
      • Elapsed time (4-P.4)
      • Time patterns (4-P.11)

  • 4.4.4.b Reading calendars

    • Read a calendar (3-O.8)

  • 4.4.4.c Calculations and problem solving time include

    • 4.4.4.c.1 problems in contexts involving time

      • Find start and end times: multi-step word problems (4-P.5)
      • Transportation schedules - 12-hour time (4-P.9)
      • Transportation schedules - 24-hour time (4-P.10)

    • 4.4.4.c.2 calculation of the number of days between any two dates within the same or consecutive years

    • 4.4.4.c.3 calculation of time intervals where time is given in minutes or hours only

      • Elapsed time (4-P.4)
      • Find start and end times: multi-step word problems (4-P.5)

  • 4.4.4.d History of time

    • 4.4.4.d.1 Know some ways in which time was measured and represented in the past

• 4.4.5 Temperature

  • Choose the more reasonable temperature (5-T.5)

• 4.4.6 Perimeter, surface area and volume

  • 4.4.6.a Perimeter

    • 4.4.6.a.1 Measure perimeter using rulers or measuring tapes

  • 4.4.6.b Measurement of area

    • 4.4.6.b.1 Find areas of regular and irregular shapes by counting squares on grids in order to develop an understanding of square units

      • Find the area of figures made of unit squares (4-R.3)
      • Select figures with a given area (4-R.4)
      • Select two figures with the same area (4-R.5)
      • Area and perimeter of figures on grids (4-R.7)

  • 4.4.6.c Measurement of volume

    • 4.4.6.c.1 Find volume/capacity of objects by packing or filling them in order to develop an understanding of cubic units

      • Volume (4-R.10)

• 4.4.7 History of measurement

4.5 Data Handling

• 4.5.1 Collecting and Organising data

  • 4.5.1.a Collecting and organising data

    • 4.5.1.a.1 Collect data using tally marks and tables for recording

• 4.5.2 Representing data

  • 4.5.2.a Representing data

    • 4.5.2.a.1 Draw a variety of graphs to display and interpret data including:

      • 4.5.2.a.1.1 pictographs (one-to-one correspondence between data and representation)

        • Create pictographs (3-J.8)

      • 4.5.2.a.1.2 bar graphs

        • Create bar graphs (4-J.5)

• 4.5.3 Analysing, Interpreting and Reporting data

  • 4.5.3.a Interpreting data

    • 4.5.3.a.1 Critically read and interpret data represented in

      • 4.5.3.a.1.1 words

      • 4.5.3.a.1.2 pictographs

        • Interpret pictographs (3-J.7)

      • 4.5.3.a.1.3 bar graphs

        • Interpret bar graphs (4-J.4)

      • 4.5.3.a.1.4 pie charts

        • Pie charts (4-J.11)

  • 4.5.3.b Analysing data

    • 4.5.3.b.1 Analyse data by answering questions related to data categories

      • Interpret pictographs (3-J.7)
      • Interpret line graphs (4-J.2)
      • Interpret bar graphs (4-J.4)
      • Interpret line plots (4-J.6)
      • Frequency charts (4-J.8)
      • Interpret stem-and-leaf plots (4-J.9)
      • Pie charts (4-J.11)

  • 4.5.3.c Reporting data

    • 4.5.3.c.1 Summarise data verbally and in short written paragraphs

• 4.5.4 Probability

  • 4.5.4.a Probability experiments

    • 4.5.4.a.1 Perform simple repeated events and list possible outcomes for experiments such as:

      • 4.5.4.a.1.1 tossing a coin

        • Make predictions (4-V.3)

      • 4.5.4.a.1.2 rolling a die

        • Make predictions (4-V.3)