South Africa
Skills available for South Africa grade 6 maths curriculum
Objectives are in black and IXL maths skills are in dark green. Hold your mouse over the name of a skill to view a sample question. Click on the name of a skill to practise that skill.
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- National Curriculum Statement (CAPS) National Curriculum Statement (CAPS)
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6.1 Numbers, Operations and Relationships
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6.1.1 Whole numbers
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6.1.1.a Mental calculations involving:
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6.1.1.a.1 Addition and subtraction of:
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6.1.1.a.1.1 units
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6.1.1.a.1.2 multiples of 10
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6.1.1.a.1.3 multiples of 100
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6.1.1.a.1.4 multiples of 1000
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6.1.1.a.2 Multiplication of whole numbers to at least 12 x 12
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6.1.1.a.3 Multiplication facts of:
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6.1.1.a.3.1 units and tens by multiples of 10
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6.1.1.a.3.2 units and tens by multiples of 100
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6.1.1.a.3.3 units and tens by multiples of 1000
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6.1.1.a.3.4 units and tens by multiples of 10000
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6.1.1.b Number range for counting, ordering, comparing and representing, and place value of digits
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6.1.1.b.1 Order, compare and represent numbers to at least 9-digit numbers
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6.1.1.b.2 Represent prime numbers to at least 100
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6.1.1.b.3 Recognizing the place value of digits in whole numbers to at least 9-digit numbers
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6.1.1.b.4 Round off to the nearest 5, 10, 100, 1000, 100,000, and 1,000,000
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6.1.1.c Number range for calculations
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6.1.1.c.1 Addition and subtraction of whole numbers of at least 6 digits
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6.1.1.c.2 Multiplication of at least whole 4-digit by 3-digit numbers
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6.1.1.c.3 Division of at least whole 4-digit by 3-digit numbers
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6.1.1.c.4 Multiple operations on whole numbers with or without brackets
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6.1.1.d Calculation techniques
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6.1.1.d.1 Using a range of techniques to perform and check written and mental calculations of whole numbers including:
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6.1.1.d.1.1 estimation
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6.1.1.d.1.2 adding, subtracting and multiplying in columns
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6.1.1.d.1.3 long division
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6.1.1.d.1.4 building up and breaking down numbers
- Place values (5-A.1)
- Convert between place values (5-A.2)
- Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
- Fill in the missing digits (5-B.4)
- Choose numbers with a particular sum or difference (5-B.5)
- Choose numbers with a particular product (5-C.8)
- Multiply by two-digit numbers: complete the missing steps (5-C.13)
- Choose numbers with a particular quotient (5-D.12)
- Place values in whole numbers (6-A.1)
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6.1.1.d.1.5 rounding off and compensating
- Multiply whole numbers (6-B.1)
- Multiply whole numbers: word problems (6-B.2)
- Multiply three or more numbers (6-B.5)
- Multiply three or more numbers: word problems (6-B.6)
- Estimate products (6-B.7)
- Estimate quotients (6-C.4)
- Divide whole numbers - two-digit divisors (6-C.5)
- Divide whole numbers - three-digit divisors (6-C.6)
- Add and subtract whole numbers up to millions (6-F.1)
- Add and subtract whole numbers: word problems (6-F.2)
- Estimate sums and differences of whole numbers (6-F.4)
- Estimate sums and differences: word problems (6-F.5)
- Add, subtract, multiply or divide two whole numbers (6-J.1)
- Add, subtract, multiply or divide two whole numbers: word problems (6-J.2)
- Estimate to solve word problems (6-K.1)
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6.1.1.d.1.6 using addition and subtraction as inverse operations
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6.1.1.d.1.7 using multiplication and division as inverse operations
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6.1.1.d.1.8 using a calculator
- Multiply whole numbers (6-B.1)
- Multiply whole numbers: word problems (6-B.2)
- Multiply three or more numbers (6-B.5)
- Multiply three or more numbers: word problems (6-B.6)
- Divide whole numbers - two-digit divisors (6-C.5)
- Divide whole numbers - three-digit divisors (6-C.6)
- Add and subtract whole numbers up to millions (6-F.1)
- Add and subtract whole numbers: word problems (6-F.2)
- Add, subtract, multiply or divide two whole numbers (6-J.1)
- Add, subtract, multiply or divide two whole numbers: word problems (6-J.2)
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6.1.1.e Number range for multiples and factors
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6.1.1.e.1 Multiples of 2-digit and 3-digit numbers
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6.1.1.e.2 Factors of 2-digit and 3-digit whole numbers
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6.1.1.e.3 Prime factors of numbers to at least 100
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6.1.1.f Properties of whole numbers
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6.1.1.f.1 Recognize and use the commutative, associative, distributive properties of whole numbers
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6.1.1.f.2 0 in terms of its additive property
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6.1.1.f.3 1 in terms of its multiplicative property
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6.1.1.g Solving problems
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6.1.1.g.1 Solve problems involving whole numbers and decimal fractions, including
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6.1.1.g.1.1 financial contexts
- Find the number of each type of coin (6-O.1)
- Add and subtract money amounts (6-O.2)
- Add and subtract money amounts: word problems (6-O.3)
- Sale prices (6-P.1)
- Which is the better coupon? (6-P.2)
- Unit prices (6-P.3)
- Unit prices with fractions and decimals (6-P.4)
- Percents - calculate tip, mark-up and more (6-P.5)
- Percents - calculate VAT (6-P.6)
- Simple interest (6-P.7)
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6.1.1.g.1.2 measurement contexts
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6.1.1.g.2 Solve problems involving whole numbers, including
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6.1.1.g.2.1 comparing two or more quantities of the same kind (ratio)
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6.1.1.g.2.2 comparing two quantities of different kinds (rate)
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6.1.1.g.2.3 grouping and equal sharing with remainders
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6.1.2 Common Fractions
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6.1.2.a Describing and ordering fractions:
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6.1.2.a.1 Compare and order common fractions, including tenths and hundredths
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6.1.2.b Calculations with fractions:
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6.1.2.b.1 Addition and subtraction of common fractions in which one denominator is a multiple of another
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6.1.2.b.2 Addition and subtraction of mixed numbers
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6.1.2.b.3 Fractions of whole numbers
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6.1.2.c Solving problems
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6.1.2.c.1 Solve problems in contexts involving common fractions, including grouping and sharing
- Understanding fractions: word problems (6-G.2)
- Fractions: word problems (6-G.5)
- Compare fractions: word problems (6-G.8)
- Add and subtract fractions with like denominators: word problems (6-H.2)
- Add and subtract fractions with unlike denominators: word problems (6-H.4)
- Add and subtract mixed numbers: word problems (6-H.7)
- Fractions of a number: word problems (6-I.6)
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6.1.2.d Equivalent forms:
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6.1.2.d.1 Recognize and use equivalent forms of common fractions with 1-digit or 2-digit denominators (fractions in which one denominator is a multiple of another)
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6.1.2.d.2 Recognize equivalence between common fraction and decimal fraction forms of the same number
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6.1.2.d.3 Recognize equivalence between common fraction, decimal fraction and percentage forms of the same number
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6.1.3 Decimal fractions
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6.1.3.a Recognizing, ordering and place value of decimal fractions
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6.1.3.a.1 Count forwards and backwards in decimal fractions to at least two decimal places
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6.1.3.a.2 Compare and order decimal fractions to at least two decimal places
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6.1.3.a.3 Place value of digits to at least two decimal places
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6.1.3.b Calculations with decimal fractions
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6.1.3.b.1 Addition and subtraction of decimal fractions with at least two decimal places
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6.1.3.b.2 Multiply decimal fractions by 10 and 100
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6.1.3.c Solving problems
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6.1.3.c.1 Solve problems in context involving decimal fractions
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6.1.3.d Equivalent forms:
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6.1.3.d.1 Recognize equivalence between common fraction and decimal fraction forms of the same number
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6.1.3.d.2 Recognize equivalence between common fraction, decimal fraction and percentage forms of the same number
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6.2 Patterns, Functions and Algebra
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6.2.1 Numeric patterns
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6.2.1.a Investigate and extend patterns
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6.2.1.a.1 Investigate and extend numeric patterns looking for relationships or rules of patterns:
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6.2.1.a.1.1 sequences not limited to a constant difference or ratio
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6.2.1.a.1.2 of learner's own creation
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6.2.1.a.1.3 represented in tables
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6.2.1.a.2 Describe the general rules for the observed relationships
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6.2.1.b Input and output values
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6.2.1.b.1 Determine input values, output values and rules for the patterns and relationships using:
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6.2.1.b.1.1 flow diagrams
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6.2.1.b.1.2 tables
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6.2.1.c Equivalent forms
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6.2.1.c.1 Determine equivalence of different descriptions of the same relationship or rule presented
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6.2.1.c.1.1 verbally
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6.2.1.c.1.2 in a flow diagram
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6.2.1.c.1.3 in a table
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6.2.1.c.1.4 by a number sentence
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6.2.2 Geometric patterns
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6.2.2.a Investigate and extend patterns
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6.2.2.a.1 Investigate and extend geometric patterns looking for relationships or rules of patterns
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6.2.2.a.1.1 represented in physical or diagram form
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6.2.2.a.1.2 sequences not limited to a constant difference or ratio
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6.2.2.a.1.3 of learner's own creation
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6.2.2.a.1.4 represented in tables
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6.2.2.a.2 Describe the general rules for the observed relationships
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6.2.2.b Input and output values
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6.2.2.b.1 Determine input values, output values and rules for the patterns and relationships using
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6.2.2.b.1.1 flow diagrams
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6.2.2.b.1.2 tables
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6.2.2.c Equivalent forms
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6.2.2.c.1 Determine equivalence of different descriptions of the same relationship or rule presented
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6.2.2.c.1.1 verbally
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6.2.2.c.1.2 in a flow diagram
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6.2.2.c.1.3 in a table
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6.2.2.c.1.4 by a number sentence
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6.2.3 Number sentences
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6.2.3.a Number sentences
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6.2.3.a.1 Write number sentences to describe problem situations
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6.2.3.a.2 Solve and complete number sentences by
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6.2.3.a.2.1 inspection
- Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
- Fill in the missing digits (5-B.4)
- Choose numbers with a particular sum or difference (5-B.5)
- Choose numbers with a particular product (5-C.8)
- Choose numbers with a particular quotient (5-D.12)
- Complete addition and subtraction sentences with fractions (5-J.10)
- Evaluate variable expressions with whole numbers (6-T.3)
- Evaluate multi-variable expressions (6-T.4)
- Evaluate variable expressions with decimals (6-T.5)
- Solve one-step equations with whole numbers (6-U.5)
- Solve one-step equations with decimals (6-U.6)
- Does (x, y) satisfy an equation? (6-V.1)
- Solve word problems involving two-variable equations (6-V.3)
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6.2.3.a.2.2 trial and improvement
- Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
- Fill in the missing digits (5-B.4)
- Choose numbers with a particular sum or difference (5-B.5)
- Choose numbers with a particular product (5-C.8)
- Choose numbers with a particular quotient (5-D.12)
- Complete addition and subtraction sentences with fractions (5-J.10)
- Evaluate variable expressions with whole numbers (6-T.3)
- Evaluate multi-variable expressions (6-T.4)
- Evaluate variable expressions with decimals (6-T.5)
- Solve one-step equations with whole numbers (6-U.5)
- Solve one-step equations with decimals (6-U.6)
- Solve word problems involving two-variable equations (6-V.3)
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6.2.3.a.3 Check solution by substitution
- Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
- Fill in the missing digits (5-B.4)
- Choose numbers with a particular sum or difference (5-B.5)
- Choose numbers with a particular product (5-C.8)
- Choose numbers with a particular quotient (5-D.12)
- Complete addition and subtraction sentences with fractions (5-J.10)
- Evaluate variable expressions with whole numbers (6-T.3)
- Evaluate multi-variable expressions (6-T.4)
- Evaluate variable expressions with decimals (6-T.5)
- Does (x, y) satisfy an equation? (6-V.1)
- Solve word problems involving two-variable equations (6-V.3)
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6.3 Space and Shape (Geometry)
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6.3.1 Properties of 2-D shapes
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6.3.1.a Range of shapes
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6.3.1.a.1 Recognize, visualize and name 2-D shapes in the environment and geometric settings, focusing on
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6.3.1.a.1.1 regular and irregular polygons - triangles, squares, rectangles, parallelograms, other quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons, heptagons, octagons
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6.3.1.a.1.2 circles
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6.3.1.a.1.3 similarities and differences between rectangles and parallelograms
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6.3.1.b Characteristics of shapes
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6.3.1.b.1 Describe, sort and compare 2-D shapes in terms of
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6.3.1.b.1.1 number of sides
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6.3.1.b.1.2 lengths of sides
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6.3.1.b.1.3 sizes of angles
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6.3.1.b.1.3.a acute
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6.3.1.b.1.3.b right
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6.3.1.b.1.3.c obtuse
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6.3.1.b.1.3.d straight
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6.3.1.b.1.3.e reflex
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6.3.1.b.1.3.f revolution
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6.3.1.c Further activities
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6.3.1.c.1 Draw 2-D shapes on grid paper
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6.3.1.c.2 Draw circles, patterns in circles and patterns with circles using a pair of pair of compasseses
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6.3.1.d Angles
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6.3.1.d.1 Recognize and name the following angles in 2-D shapes:
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6.3.1.d.1.1 acute
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6.3.1.d.1.2 right
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6.3.1.d.1.3 obtuse
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6.3.1.d.1.4 straight
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6.3.1.d.1.5 reflex
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6.3.1.d.1.6 revolution
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6.3.2 Properties of 3-D objects
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6.3.2.a Range of objects
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6.3.2.a.1 Recognize, visualize and name 3-D objects in the environment and geometric settings, focusing on
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6.3.2.a.1.1 rectangular prisms
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6.3.2.a.1.2 cubes
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6.3.2.a.1.3 tetrahedrons
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6.3.2.a.1.4 pyramids
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6.3.2.a.1.5 similarities and differences between tetrahedrons and other pyramids
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6.3.2.b Characteristics of objects
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6.3.2.b.1 Describe, sort and compare 3-D objects in terms of
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6.3.2.b.1.1 number and shape of faces
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6.3.2.b.1.2 number of vertices
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6.3.2.b.1.3 number of edges
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6.3.2.c Further activities
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6.3.2.c.1 Make 3-D models using:
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6.3.2.c.1.1 drinking straws, toothpicks etc
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6.3.2.c.1.2 nets
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6.3.3 Symmetry
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6.3.3.a Symmetry
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6.3.3.a.1 Recognize, draw and describe line(s) of symmetry in 2-D shapes
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6.3.4 Transformations
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6.3.4.a Enlargement and reductions
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6.3.4.a.1 Draw enlargement and reductions of 2-D shapes to compare size and shape of
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6.3.4.a.1.1 triangles
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6.3.4.a.1.2 quadrilaterals
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6.3.4.b Describe patterns
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6.3.4.b.1 Refer to lines, 2-D shapes, 3-D objects, lines of symmetry, rotations, reflections and translations when describing patterns
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6.3.4.b.1.1 in nature
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6.3.4.b.1.2 from modern everyday life
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6.3.4.b.1.3 from our cultural heritage
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6.3.5 Viewing of objects
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6.3.5.a Position and views
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6.3.5.a.1 Links the position of viewer to views of:
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6.3.5.a.1.1 single everyday objects or collections of objects
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6.3.5.a.1.2 single or composite geometric objects
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6.3.6 Position and movement
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6.3.6.a Location and directions
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6.3.6.a.1 Locate position of objects, drawings or symbols on a grid with alpha-numeric grid references
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6.3.6.a.2 Locate positions of objects on a map by using alpha-numeric grid references
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6.3.6.a.3 Give directions to move between positions or places on a map
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6.4 Measurement
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6.4.1 Length
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6.4.1.a Practical measuring of 2-D shapes and 3-D objects by
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6.4.1.a.1 estimating
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6.4.1.a.2 measuring
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6.4.1.a.3 recording
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6.4.1.a.4 comparing and ordering
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6.4.1.b Measuring instruments:
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6.4.1.b.1 rulers, metre sticks, tape measures, trundle wheels
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6.4.1.c Units:
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6.4.1.c.1 millimetres (mm), centimetres (cm), metres (m), kilometres (km)
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6.4.1.d Calculations and problem-solving involving length
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6.4.1.d.1 Solve problems in contexts involving length
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6.4.1.d.2 Conversions include converting between any of the following units:
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6.4.1.d.2.1 millimetres (mm)
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6.4.1.d.2.2 centimetres (cm)
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6.4.1.d.2.3 metres (m)
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6.4.1.d.2.4 kilometres (km)
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6.4.1.d.3 Conversions should include common fraction and decimal fractions to 2 decimal places
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6.4.2 Mass
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6.4.2.a Practical measuring of 3-D objects by
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6.4.2.a.1 estimating
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6.4.2.a.2 measuring
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6.4.2.a.3 recording
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6.4.2.a.4 comparing and ordering
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6.4.2.b Measuring instruments:
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6.4.2.b.1 bathroom scales (analogue and digital); kitchen scales (analogue and digital) and balances
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6.4.2.c Units:
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6.4.2.c.1 grams (g) and kilograms (kg);
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6.4.2.d Calculations and problem-solving involving mass include:
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6.4.2.d.1 problems in contexts involving mass
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6.4.2.d.2 converting between grams and kilograms
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6.4.2.d.3 conversions should include fraction and decimal forms (to 2 decimal places)
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6.4.3 Capacity/Volume
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6.4.3.a Practical measuring of 3-D objects by
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6.4.3.a.1 estimating
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6.4.3.a.2 measuring
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6.4.3.a.3 recording
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6.4.3.a.4 comparing and ordering
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6.4.3.b Measuring instruments:
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6.4.3.b.1 measuring jugs
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6.4.3.c Units:
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6.4.3.c.1 millilitres (ml), litres (l) and kilolitres (kl)
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6.4.3.d Calculations and problem solving involving capacity/volume include:
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6.4.3.d.1 problems in contexts involving capacity/volume
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6.4.3.d.2 converting between kilolitres, litres and millilitres
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6.4.3.d.2.1 conversions should include fraction and decimal forms (to 2 decimal places)
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6.4.4 Time
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6.4.4.a Reading time and time instruments
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6.4.4.a.1 Read, tell and write time in 12-hour and 24-hour formats on both analogue and digital instruments in
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6.4.4.a.1.1 hours
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6.4.4.a.1.2 minutes
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6.4.4.a.1.3 seconds
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6.4.4.a.2 Instruments include clocks, watches and stopwatches
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6.4.4.b Reading calendars
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6.4.4.c Calculations and problem solving time include
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6.4.4.c.1 problems in contexts involving time
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6.4.4.c.2 reading time zone maps and calculating time differences based on time zones
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6.4.4.c.3 calculation of time intervals where time is given in
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6.4.4.c.3.1 seconds and/or minutes
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6.4.4.c.3.2 minutes and/or hours
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6.4.4.c.3.3 hours and/or days
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6.4.4.c.3.4 days, weeks and/or months
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6.4.4.c.3.5 years and/or decades
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6.4.4.c.3.6 centuries, decades and/or years
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6.4.4.d History of time
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6.4.4.d.1 Know some ways in which time was measured and represented in the past.
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6.4.5 Temperature
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6.4.5.a Practical measuring of temperature by
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6.4.5.a.1 estimating
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6.4.5.a.2 measuring
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6.4.5.a.3 recording
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6.4.5.a.4 comparing and ordering
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6.4.5.b Measuring instruments:
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6.4.5.b.1 thermometers (analogue and digital)
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6.4.5.c Units:
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6.4.5.c.1 degrees Celsius
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6.4.5.d Calculations and problem-solving related to temperature include:
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6.4.5.d.1 problems in contexts related to temperatures
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6.4.5.d.2 calculating temperature differences limited to positive whole numbers
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6.4.6 Perimeter, surface area and volume
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6.4.6.a Perimeter
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6.4.6.a.1 Measure perimeter using rulers or measuring tapes
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6.4.6.b Measurement of area
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6.4.6.b.1 Continue to find areas of regular and irregular shapes by counting squares on grids
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6.4.6.b.2 Develop rules for calculating the areas of squares and rectangles
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6.4.6.c Measurement of volume
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6.4.6.c.1 Continue to find volume/capacity of objects by packing or filling them
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6.4.6.c.2 Develop an understanding of why the volume of rectangular prisms is given
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6.4.6.d Investigate
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6.4.6.d.1 Relationship between perimeter and area of rectangles and squares.
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6.4.6.d.2 Relationship between surface area and volume of rectangular prisms
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6.4.7 History of measurement
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6.4.7.a Know some ways in which people measured and recorded measurement in the past.
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6.5 Data Handling
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6.5.1 Collecting and Organising data
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6.5.1.a Collecting and organising data
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6.5.1.a.1 Collect data
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6.5.1.a.1.1 using tally marks and tables for recording
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6.5.1.a.1.2 using simple questionnaires (yes/no type response)
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6.5.1.a.2 Order data from smallest group to largest group
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6.5.2 Representing data
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6.5.2.a Representing data
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6.5.2.a.1 Draw a variety of graphs to display and interpret data including:
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6.5.2.a.1.1 pictographs (many-to-one correspondence)
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6.5.2.a.1.2 bar graphs and double bar graphs
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6.5.3 Analysing, Interpreting and Reporting data
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6.5.3.a Interpreting data
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6.5.3.a.1 Critically read and interpret data represented in
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6.5.3.a.1.1 words
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6.5.3.a.1.2 pictographs
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6.5.3.a.1.3 bar graphs
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6.5.3.a.1.4 double bar graphs
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6.5.3.a.1.5 pie charts
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6.5.3.b Analysing data
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6.5.3.b.1 Analyse data by answering questions related to:
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6.5.3.b.1.1 data categories, including data intervals
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6.5.3.b.1.2 data sources and contexts
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6.5.3.b.1.3 central tendencies - (mode and median)
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6.5.3.c Reporting data
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6.5.3.c.1 Summarise data verbally and in short written paragraphs that includes.
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6.5.3.c.1.1 drawing conclusions about the data
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6.5.3.c.1.2 making predictions based on the data
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6.5.3.d Ungrouped data
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6.5.3.d.1 Examine ungrouped numerical data to determine
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6.5.3.d.1.1 the most frequently occurring score in the data set (mode)
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6.5.3.d.1.2 the middlemost score in the data set (median)
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6.5.4 Probability
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6.5.4.a Probability experiments
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6.5.4.a.1 Perform simple repeated events and list possible outcomes for experiments such as:
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6.5.4.a.1.1 tossing a coin
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6.5.4.a.1.2 rolling a die
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6.5.4.a.1.3 spinning a spinner
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6.5.4.a.2 Count and compare the frequency of actual outcomes for a series of trials up to 50 trials
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