South Africa

5.1 Numbers, Operations and Relationships

• 5.1.1 Whole numbers

  • 5.1.1.a Mental calculations involving:

    • 5.1.1.a.1 Addition and subtraction of:

      • 5.1.1.a.1.1 units

      • 5.1.1.a.1.2 multiples of 10

        • Addition patterns over increasing place values (4-B.6)
        • Subtraction patterns over increasing place values (4-C.4)
        • Mentally add and subtract numbers ending in zeroes (4-F.8)

      • 5.1.1.a.1.3 multiples of 100

        • Addition patterns over increasing place values (4-B.6)
        • Subtraction patterns over increasing place values (4-C.4)
        • Mentally add and subtract numbers ending in zeroes (4-F.8)

      • 5.1.1.a.1.4 multiples of 1 000

        • Addition patterns over increasing place values (4-B.6)
        • Subtraction patterns over increasing place values (4-C.4)
        • Mentally add and subtract numbers ending in zeroes (4-F.8)

    • 5.1.1.a.2 Multiplication of whole numbers to at least 10 x 10

      • Multiplication facts to 12 (4-D.1)
      • Multiply by one-digit numbers (5-C.1)
      • Multiply by one-digit numbers: word problems (5-C.2)

    • 5.1.1.a.3 Multiplication facts of:

      • 5.1.1.a.3.1 units by multiples of 10

        • Multiplication patterns over increasing place values (5-C.3)
        • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes (5-C.4)
        • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes: word problems (5-C.5)

      • 5.1.1.a.3.2 units by multiples of 100

        • Multiplication patterns over increasing place values (5-C.3)
        • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes (5-C.4)
        • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes: word problems (5-C.5)

      • 5.1.1.a.3.3 units by multiples of 1000

        • Multiplication patterns over increasing place values (5-C.3)
        • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes (5-C.4)
        • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes: word problems (5-C.5)

      • 5.1.1.a.3.4 units by multiples of 10000

        • Multiplication patterns over increasing place values (5-C.3)
        • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes (5-C.4)
        • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes: word problems (5-C.5)

  • 5.1.1.b Number range for counting, ordering, comparing and representing, and place value of digits

    • 5.1.1.b.1 Count forwards and backwards in whole number intervals up to at least 10000

      • Skip-counting sequences (4-L.5)

    • 5.1.1.b.2 Order, compare and represent numbers to at least 6-digit numbers

      • Compare numbers up to millions (5-A.3)
      • Word names for numbers (5-A.4)

    • 5.1.1.b.3 Represent odd and even numbers to at least 1000.

      • Even or odd (2-A.6)
      • Even or odd: arithmetic rules (5-A.7)

    • 5.1.1.b.4 Recognize the place value of digits in whole numbers to at least 6-digit numbers.

      • Place values (5-A.1)

    • 5.1.1.b.5 Round off to the nearest 5, 10, 100 and 1000

      • Rounding (5-A.6)

  • 5.1.1.c Number range for calculations

    • 5.1.1.c.1 Addition and subtraction of whole numbers of at least 5 digits

      • Add and subtract whole numbers up to millions (5-B.1)
      • Add and subtract whole numbers: word problems (5-B.2)

    • 5.1.1.c.2 Multiplication of at least whole 3-digit by 2-digit numbers

      • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes (5-C.4)
      • Multiply numbers ending in zeroes: word problems (5-C.5)
      • Multiply two-digit numbers (5-C.14)
      • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number (5-C.15)
      • Multiply by two-digit numbers: word problems (5-C.16)

    • 5.1.1.c.3 Division of at least whole 3-digit by 2-digit numbers

      • Divide whole numbers - two-digit divisors (6-C.5)

  • 5.1.1.d Calculation techniques

    • 5.1.1.d.1 Using a range of techniques to perform and check written and mental calculations of whole numbers including:

      • 5.1.1.d.1.1 estimation

        • Estimate sums and differences of whole numbers (5-B.8)
        • Estimate sums and differences: word problems (5-B.9)
        • Estimate products (5-C.9)
        • Estimate products: word problems (5-C.10)
        • Estimate quotients (5-D.7)
        • Estimate quotients: word problems (5-D.8)

      • 5.1.1.d.1.2 adding and subtracting in columns

        • Add and subtract whole numbers up to millions (5-B.1)
        • Add and subtract whole numbers: word problems (5-B.2)

      • 5.1.1.d.1.3 building up and breaking down numbers

        • Place values (5-A.1)
        • Convert between place values (5-A.2)
        • Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
        • Fill in the missing digits (5-B.4)
        • Choose numbers with a particular sum or difference (5-B.5)
        • Choose numbers with a particular product (5-C.8)
        • Multiply by two-digit numbers: complete the missing steps (5-C.13)
        • Choose numbers with a particular quotient (5-D.12)

      • 5.1.1.d.1.4 using a number line

        • Inequalities with number lines (4-A.8)
        • Add and subtract whole numbers up to millions (5-B.1)
        • Add and subtract whole numbers: word problems (5-B.2)
        • Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
        • Multiply two-digit numbers (5-C.14)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number (5-C.15)
        • Multiply by two-digit numbers: word problems (5-C.16)
        • Multiply three or four numbers (5-C.17)
        • Add, subtract, multiply and divide whole numbers (5-K.1)
        • Add, subtract, multiply and divide whole numbers: word problems (5-K.2)
        • Divide whole numbers - two-digit divisors (6-C.5)

      • 5.1.1.d.1.5 rounding off and compensating

        • Rounding (5-A.6)
        • Add and subtract whole numbers up to millions (5-B.1)
        • Add and subtract whole numbers: word problems (5-B.2)
        • Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
        • Multiply two-digit numbers (5-C.14)
        • Multiply a two-digit number by a larger number (5-C.15)
        • Multiply by two-digit numbers: word problems (5-C.16)
        • Multiply three or four numbers (5-C.17)
        • Add, subtract, multiply and divide whole numbers (5-K.1)
        • Add, subtract, multiply and divide whole numbers: word problems (5-K.2)
        • Guess-and-check problems (5-L.3)
        • Divide whole numbers - two-digit divisors (6-C.5)

      • 5.1.1.d.1.6 doubling and halving

        • Complete a geometric number sequence (5-N.6)

      • 5.1.1.d.1.7 using addition and subtraction as inverse operations

        • Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
        • Solve equations (5-P.5)

      • 5.1.1.d.1.8 using multiplication and division as inverse operations

        • Relate multiplication and division (5-D.6)
        • Solve equations (5-P.5)

  • 5.1.1.e Number range for multiples and factors

    • 5.1.1.e.1 Multiples of 2-digits whole numbers to at least 100

      • Multiply two-digit numbers (5-C.14)
      • Lowest common multiple (5-E.6)

    • 5.1.1.e.2 Factors of 2-digit whole numbers to at least 100

      • Prime factorisation (5-E.2)
      • Divisibility rules (5-E.3)
      • Divisibility rules: word problems (5-E.4)
      • Highest common factor (5-E.5)

  • 5.1.1.f Properties of whole numbers

    • 5.1.1.f.1 Recognize and use the commutative, associative, distributive properties of whole numbers

      • Properties of addition (5-B.6)
      • Properties of multiplication (5-C.7)

    • 5.1.1.f.2 0 in terms of its additive property

      • Properties of addition (5-B.6)

    • 5.1.1.f.3 1 in terms of its multiplicative property

      • Properties of multiplication (5-C.7)

  • 5.1.1.g Solving problems

    • 5.1.1.g.1 Solve problems involving whole numbers, including

      • 5.1.1.g.1.1 financial contexts

        • Add and subtract money amounts (5-H.1)
        • Add and subtract money: word problems (5-H.2)
        • Price lists (5-L.6)

      • 5.1.1.g.1.2 measurement contexts

        • Scale drawings: word problems (5-M.7)
        • Compare and convert metric units of length (5-T.2)
        • Compare and convert metric units of mass (5-T.3)
        • Compare and convert metric units of volume (5-T.4)

    • 5.1.1.g.2 Solve problems involving whole numbers, including

      • 5.1.1.g.2.1 comparing two or more quantities of the same kind (ratio)

        • Determine the ratio (5-M.1)
        • Write a ratio: word problems (5-M.2)
        • Identify equivalent ratios (5-M.3)
        • Write an equivalent ratio (5-M.4)
        • Ratio tables (5-M.5)
        • Scale drawings: word problems (5-M.7)

      • 5.1.1.g.2.2 comparing two quantities of different kinds (rate)

        • Unit rates and equivalent rates (5-M.6)

      • 5.1.1.g.2.3 grouping and equal sharing with remainders

        • Division facts to 12: word problems (5-D.2)
        • Divide by one-digit numbers: word problems (5-D.4)
        • Divide by one-digit numbers: interpret remainders (5-D.5)

• 5.1.2 Common Fractions

  • 5.1.2.a Describing and ordering fractions:

    • 5.1.2.a.1 Count forwards and backwards in fractions

      • Arithmetic sequences with fractions (5-I.10)

    • 5.1.2.a.2 Compare and order common fractions to at least twelfths

      • Graph and compare fractions on number lines (5-I.7)
      • Compare fractions and mixed numbers (5-I.8)
      • Put fractions in order (5-I.9)

  • 5.1.2.b Calculations with fractions:

    • 5.1.2.b.1 Addition and subtraction of common fractions with the same denominators

      • Add and subtract fractions with like denominators (5-J.3)
      • Add and subtract fractions with like denominators: word problems (5-J.4)

    • 5.1.2.b.2 Addition and subtraction of mixed numbers

      • Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators (5-J.5)
      • Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators: word problems (5-J.6)

    • 5.1.2.b.3 Fractions of whole numbers which result in whole numbers

      • Fractions of whole numbers I (6-I.4)
      • Fractions of a number: word problems (6-I.6)

    • 5.1.2.b.4 Recognize, describe and use the equivalence of division and fractions

      • Write fractions in lowest terms (5-I.5)
      • Convert between improper fractions and mixed numbers (5-I.6)

  • 5.1.2.c Solving problems

    • 5.1.2.c.1 Solve problems in contexts involving common fractions, including grouping and sharing

      • Fractions review (5-I.1)
      • Fractions of a group: word problems (5-I.3)
      • Add and subtract fractions with like denominators: word problems (5-J.4)
      • Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators: word problems (5-J.6)
      • Fractions of a number: word problems (6-I.6)

  • 5.1.2.d Equivalent forms:

    • 5.1.2.d.1 Recognize and use equivalent forms of common fractions (fractions in which one denominator is a multiple of another)

      • Equivalent fractions (5-I.4)
      • Write fractions in lowest terms (5-I.5)

• 5.1.3 Decimal fractions

  • Convert fractions to decimals (5-F.12)
  • Convert decimals to fractions (5-F.13)

5.2 Patterns, Functions and Algebra

• 5.2.1 Numeric patterns

  • 5.2.1.a Investigate and extend patterns

    • 5.2.1.a.1 Investigate and extend numeric patterns looking for relationships or rules of patterns:

      • 5.2.1.a.1.1 sequences not limited to a constant difference or ratio

        • Arithmetic sequences with fractions (5-I.10)
        • Geometric sequences with fractions (5-I.11)
        • Complete an increasing number sequence (5-N.5)
        • Complete a geometric number sequence (5-N.6)
        • Use a rule to complete a number sequence (5-N.7)
        • Number sequences: word problems (5-N.8)
        • Number sequences: mixed review (5-N.9)

      • 5.2.1.a.1.2 of learner's own creation

    • 5.2.1.a.2 Describe observed relationships or rules in learner's own words

      • Write a two-variable equation (5-P.10)

  • 5.2.1.b Input and output values

    • 5.2.1.b.1 Determine input values, output values and rules for the patterns and relationships using flow diagrams

      • 5.2.1.b.1.1 flow diagrams

      • 5.2.1.b.1.2 tables

        • Input/output tables with addition, subtraction, multiplication and division (4-H.1)
        • Ratio tables (5-M.5)
        • Complete a table for a two-variable relationship (5-P.7)
        • Write a two-variable equation (5-P.10)

  • 5.2.1.c Equivalent forms

    • 5.2.1.c.1 Determine equivalence of different descriptions of the same relationship or rule presented

      • 5.2.1.c.1.1 verbally

        • Write variable expressions (5-P.1)
        • Write variable equations: word problems (5-P.4)
        • Complete a table for a two-variable relationship (5-P.7)
        • Write a two-variable equation (5-P.10)

      • 5.2.1.c.1.2 in a flow diagram

      • 5.2.1.c.1.3 in a table

        • Write a two-variable equation (5-P.10)

      • 5.2.1.c.1.4 by a number sentence

        • Complete a table for a two-variable relationship (5-P.7)

• 5.2.2 Geometric patterns

  • 5.2.2.a Investigate and extend patterns

    • 5.2.2.a.1 Investigate and extend geometric patterns looking for relationships or rules of patterns

      • 5.2.2.a.1.1 represented in physical or diagram form

        • Geometric sequences with fractions (5-I.11)
        • Complete a geometric number sequence (5-N.6)

      • 5.2.2.a.1.2 sequences not limited to a constant difference or ratio

        • Geometric sequences with fractions (5-I.11)
        • Complete a geometric number sequence (5-N.6)

      • 5.2.2.a.1.3 of learner's own creation

    • 5.2.2.a.2 Describe observed relationships or rules in learner's own words

  • 5.2.2.b Input and output values

    • 5.2.2.b.1 Determine input values, output values and rules for the patterns and relationships using flow diagrams

  • 5.2.2.c Equivalent forms

    • 5.2.2.c.1 Determine equivalence of different descriptions of the same relationship or rule presented

      • 5.2.2.c.1.1 verbally

      • 5.2.2.c.1.2 in a flow diagram

      • 5.2.2.c.1.3 by a number sentence

• 5.2.3 Number sentences

  • 5.2.3.a Number sentences

    • 5.2.3.a.1 Write number sentences to describe problem situations

      • Write variable expressions (5-P.1)
      • Write variable equations: word problems (5-P.4)
      • Write a two-variable equation (5-P.10)

    • 5.2.3.a.2 Solve and complete number sentences by

      • 5.2.3.a.2.1 inspection

        • Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
        • Fill in the missing digits (5-B.4)
        • Choose numbers with a particular sum or difference (5-B.5)
        • Choose numbers with a particular product (5-C.8)
        • Choose numbers with a particular quotient (5-D.12)
        • Complete addition and subtraction sentences with fractions (5-J.10)
        • Evaluate variable expressions (5-P.3)
        • Solve equations (5-P.5)

      • 5.2.3.a.2.2 trial and improvement

        • Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
        • Fill in the missing digits (5-B.4)
        • Choose numbers with a particular sum or difference (5-B.5)
        • Choose numbers with a particular product (5-C.8)
        • Choose numbers with a particular quotient (5-D.12)
        • Complete addition and subtraction sentences with fractions (5-J.10)
        • Evaluate variable expressions (5-P.3)
        • Solve equations (5-P.5)

    • 5.2.3.a.3 Check solution by substitution

      • Complete addition and subtraction sentences (5-B.3)
      • Fill in the missing digits (5-B.4)
      • Choose numbers with a particular sum or difference (5-B.5)
      • Choose numbers with a particular product (5-C.8)
      • Choose numbers with a particular quotient (5-D.12)
      • Complete addition and subtraction sentences with fractions (5-J.10)
      • Evaluate variable expressions (5-P.3)
      • Find a value using two-variable equations (5-P.6)

5.3 Space and Shape (Geometry)

• 5.3.1 Properties of 2-D shapes

  • 5.3.1.a Range of shapes

    • 5.3.1.a.1 Recognize, visualize and name 2-D shapes in the environment and geometric setting, focusing on

      • 5.3.1.a.1.1 regular and irregular polygons - triangles, squares, rectangles, other quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons, heptagons

        • Regular and irregular polygons (5-U.3)
        • Classify triangles (5-U.7)
        • Parallel sides in quadrilaterals (5-U.8)
        • Identify parallelograms (5-U.9)
        • Identify trapeziums (5-U.10)
        • Identify rectangles (5-U.11)
        • Identify rhombuses (5-U.12)
        • Identify three-dimensional figures (5-W.1)

      • 5.3.1.a.1.2 circles

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (5-W.1)

      • 5.3.1.a.1.3 similarities and differences between squares and rectangles

        • Classify quadrilaterals (5-U.13)

  • 5.3.1.b Characteristics of shapes

    • 5.3.1.b.1 Describe, sort and compare 2-D shapes in terms of

      • 5.3.1.b.1.1 straight and curved sides

        • Is it a polygon? (5-U.1)

      • 5.3.1.b.1.2 number of sides

        • Count vertices, edges and faces (4-Q.3)
        • Number of sides in polygons (5-U.2)
        • Parallel sides in quadrilaterals (5-U.8)
        • Count vertices, edges and faces (5-W.2)

      • 5.3.1.b.1.3 lengths of sides

        • Regular and irregular polygons (5-U.3)
        • Classify triangles (5-U.7)
        • Classify quadrilaterals (5-U.13)

      • 5.3.1.b.1.4 angles in shapes, limited to

        • 5.3.1.b.1.4.a right angles

          • Classify triangles (5-U.7)
          • Classify quadrilaterals (5-U.13)

        • 5.3.1.b.1.4.b angles smaller than right angles

          • Classify triangles (5-U.7)
          • Classify quadrilaterals (5-U.13)

        • 5.3.1.b.1.4.c angles greater than right angles

          • Classify triangles (5-U.7)
          • Classify quadrilaterals (5-U.13)

  • 5.3.1.c Further activities

    • 5.3.1.c.1 Draw 2-D shapes on grid paper

  • 5.3.1.d Angles

    • 5.3.1.d.1 Recognize and describe angles in 2-D shapes:

      • 5.3.1.d.1.1 right angles

        • Types of angles (5-U.5)
        • Measure angles with a protractor (5-U.6)

      • 5.3.1.d.1.2 angles smaller than right angles

        • Types of angles (5-U.5)
        • Measure angles with a protractor (5-U.6)

      • 5.3.1.d.1.3 angles greater than right angles

        • Types of angles (5-U.5)
        • Measure angles with a protractor (5-U.6)

• 5.3.2 Properties of 3-D objects

  • 5.3.2.a Range of objects

    • 5.3.2.a.1 Recognize, visualize and name 3-D objects in the environment and geometric settings, focusing on:

      • 5.3.2.a.1.1 rectangular prisms and other prisms

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (5-W.1)
        • Three-dimensional figures viewed from different perspectives (5-W.4)

      • 5.3.2.a.1.2 cubes

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (5-W.1)
        • Three-dimensional figures viewed from different perspectives (5-W.4)

      • 5.3.2.a.1.3 cylinders

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (5-W.1)
        • Three-dimensional figures viewed from different perspectives (5-W.4)

      • 5.3.2.a.1.4 cones

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (5-W.1)
        • Three-dimensional figures viewed from different perspectives (5-W.4)

      • 5.3.2.a.1.5 pyramids

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (5-W.1)
        • Three-dimensional figures viewed from different perspectives (5-W.4)

      • 5.3.2.a.1.6 similarities and differences between cubes and rectangular prisms

        • Identify three-dimensional figures (5-W.1)
        • Volume of cubes and rectangular prisms (6-Z.13)

  • 5.3.2.b Characteristics of objects

    • 5.3.2.b.1 Describe, sort and compare 3-D objects in terms of

      • 5.3.2.b.1.1 shape of faces

        • Identify faces of three-dimensional figures (4-Q.4)
        • Parallel sides in quadrilaterals (5-U.8)
        • Nets of three-dimensional figures (5-W.3)

      • 5.3.2.b.1.2 number of faces

        • Parallel sides in quadrilaterals (5-U.8)
        • Count vertices, edges and faces (5-W.2)

      • 5.3.2.b.1.3 flat and curved surfaces

  • 5.3.2.c Further activities

    • 5.3.2.c.1 Make 3-D models using cut out polygons

      • Nets of three-dimensional figures (5-W.3)

    • 5.3.2.c.2 Cut open boxes to trace and describe their nets

      • Nets of three-dimensional figures (5-W.3)

• 5.3.3 Symmetry

  • 5.3.3.a Symmetry

    • 5.3.3.a.1 Recognize, draw and describe line(s) of symmetry in 2-D shapes

      • Lines of symmetry (5-V.1)
      • Rotational symmetry (5-V.2)

• 5.3.4 Transformations

  • 5.3.4.a Use transformations to make composite shapes

    • 5.3.4.a.1 Make composite 2-D shapes including shapes with line symmetry by tracing and moving a 2-D shape in one or more of the following ways:

      • 5.3.4.a.1.1 by rotation

        • Reflection, rotation and translation (5-V.3)
        • Identify reflections, rotations and translations (6-X.2)

      • 5.3.4.a.1.2 by translation

        • Reflection, rotation and translation (5-V.3)
        • Identify reflections, rotations and translations (6-X.2)

      • 5.3.4.a.1.3 by reflection

        • Reflection, rotation and translation (5-V.3)
        • Identify reflections, rotations and translations (6-X.2)

  • 5.3.4.b Use transformations to make tessellations

    • 5.3.4.b.1 Make tessellated patterns including some patterns with line symmetry by tracing and moving 2-D shapes in one or more of the following ways

      • 5.3.4.b.1.1 by rotation

        • Reflection, rotation and translation (5-V.3)
        • Identify reflections, rotations and translations (6-X.2)

      • 5.3.4.b.1.2 by translation

        • Reflection, rotation and translation (5-V.3)
        • Identify reflections, rotations and translations (6-X.2)

      • 5.3.4.b.1.3 by reflection

        • Reflection, rotation and translation (5-V.3)
        • Identify reflections, rotations and translations (6-X.2)

  • 5.3.4.c Describe patterns

    • 5.3.4.c.1 Refer to lines, 2-D shapes, 3-D objects, lines of symmetry, rotations, reflections and translations when describing patterns

      • 5.3.4.c.1.1 in nature

      • 5.3.4.c.1.2 from modern everyday life

      • 5.3.4.c.1.3 from our cultural heritage

• 5.3.5 Viewing of objects

  • 5.3.5.a Position and views

    • 5.3.5.a.1 Links the position of viewer to views of:

      • 5.3.5.a.1.1 single everyday objects

        • Three-dimensional figures viewed from different perspectives (5-W.4)

      • 5.3.5.a.1.2 collections of everyday objects or everyday scenes

• 5.3.6 Position and movement

  • 5.3.6.a Location and directions

    • 5.3.6.a.1 Locate position of objects, drawings or symbols on a grid with alpha-numeric grid references

      • Objects on a coordinate plane (5-O.1)

    • 5.3.6.a.2 Locate positions of objects on a map by using alpha-numeric grid references

      • Coordinate planes as maps (5-O.3)

    • 5.3.6.a.3 Follow directions to trace a path between positions on a map

5.4 Measurement

• 5.4.1 Length

  • 5.4.1.a Practical measuring of 2-D shapes and 3-D objects by

    • 5.4.1.a.1 estimating

      • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (5-T.1)

    • 5.4.1.a.2 measuring

    • 5.4.1.a.3 recording

    • 5.4.1.a.4 comparing and ordering

      • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)
      • Compare and convert metric units of length (5-T.2)

  • 5.4.1.b Measuring instruments:

    • 5.4.1.b.1 rulers, metre sticks, tape measures, trundle wheels

  • 5.4.1.c Units:

    • 5.4.1.c.1 millimetres (mm), centimetres (cm), metres (m), kilometres (km)

      • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (5-T.1)
      • Compare and convert metric units of length (5-T.2)

  • 5.4.1.d Calculations and problem-solving involving length

    • 5.4.1.d.1 Solve problems in contexts involving length

      • Scale drawings: word problems (5-M.7)
      • Compare and convert metric units of length (5-T.2)

    • 5.4.1.d.2 Conversions include converting between any of the following units:

      • 5.4.1.d.2.1 millimetres (mm)

        • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)
        • Compare and convert metric units of length (5-T.2)

      • 5.4.1.d.2.2 centimetres (cm)

        • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)
        • Compare and convert metric units of length (5-T.2)

      • 5.4.1.d.2.3 metres (m)

        • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)
        • Compare and convert metric units of length (5-T.2)

      • 5.4.1.d.2.4 kilometres (km)

        • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)
        • Compare and convert metric units of length (5-T.2)

    • 5.4.1.d.3 Conversions limited to whole numbers and common fractions

      • Compare and convert metric units of length (4-O.2)
      • Compare and convert metric units of length (5-T.2)

• 5.4.2 Mass

  • 5.4.2.a Practical measuring of 3-D objects by

    • 5.4.2.a.1 estimating

      • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (5-T.1)

    • 5.4.2.a.2 measuring

    • 5.4.2.a.3 recording

    • 5.4.2.a.4 comparing and ordering

      • Compare and convert metric units of mass (4-O.3)
      • Compare and convert metric units of mass (5-T.3)

  • 5.4.2.b Measuring instruments:

    • 5.4.2.b.1 bathroom scales, kitchen scales and balances

  • 5.4.2.c Units:

    • 5.4.2.c.1 grams (g) and kilograms (kg);

      • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (5-T.1)
      • Compare and convert metric units of mass (5-T.3)

  • 5.4.2.d Calculations and problem-solving involving mass include:

    • 5.4.2.d.1 problems in contexts involving mass

      • Compare and convert metric units of mass (5-T.3)

    • 5.4.2.d.2 converting between grams and kilograms limited to examples with whole numbers and fractions

      • Compare and convert metric units of mass (4-O.3)
      • Compare and convert metric units of mass (5-T.3)

• 5.4.3 Capacity/Volume

  • 5.4.3.a Practical measuring of 3-D objects by

    • 5.4.3.a.1 estimating

      • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (5-T.1)

    • 5.4.3.a.2 measuring

    • 5.4.3.a.3 recording

    • 5.4.3.a.4 comparing and ordering

      • Compare and convert metric units of volume (4-O.4)
      • Compare and convert metric units of volume (5-T.4)

  • 5.4.3.b Measuring instruments:

    • 5.4.3.b.1 measuring spoons, measuring cups, measuring jugs

  • 5.4.3.c Units:

    • 5.4.3.c.1 millilitres (ml), litres (l)

      • Choose the appropriate metric unit of measure (5-T.1)
      • Compare and convert metric units of volume (5-T.4)

  • 5.4.3.d Calculations and problem solving involving capacity/volume include:

    • 5.4.3.d.1 problems in contexts involving capacity/volume

      • Compare and convert metric units of volume (5-T.4)

    • 5.4.3.d.2 converting between litres and millilitres limited to examples with whole numbers and fractions

      • Compare and convert metric units of volume (4-O.4)
      • Compare and convert metric units of volume (5-T.4)

• 5.4.4 Time

  • 5.4.4.a Reading time and time instruments

    • 5.4.4.a.1 Read, tell and write time in 12-hour and 24-hour formats on both analogue and digital instruments in

      • 5.4.4.a.1.1 hours

        • Match clocks and times (3-O.1)
        • Match analogue and digital clocks (3-O.2)
        • Read clocks and write times (3-O.3)
        • Write times (3-O.5)
        • Convert between 12-hour and 24-hour time (5-S.5)

      • 5.4.4.a.1.2 minutes

        • Match clocks and times (3-O.1)
        • Match analogue and digital clocks (3-O.2)
        • Read clocks and write times (3-O.3)
        • Write times (3-O.5)
        • Convert between 12-hour and 24-hour time (5-S.5)

      • 5.4.4.a.1.3 seconds

    • 5.4.4.a.2 Instruments include clocks, watches and stopwatches

      • Match clocks and times (3-O.1)
      • Match analogue and digital clocks (3-O.2)
      • Read clocks and write times (3-O.3)
      • Write times (3-O.5)

  • 5.4.4.b Reading calendars

    • Read a calendar (3-O.8)

  • 5.4.4.c Calculations and problem solving time include

    • 5.4.4.c.1 problems in contexts involving time

      • Find start and end times: word problems (5-S.4)
      • Time zones - 12-hour time (5-S.6)
      • Time zones - 24-hour time (5-S.7)
      • Schedules and timelines - 12-hour time (5-S.8)
      • Schedules - 24-hour time (5-S.9)

    • 5.4.4.c.2 calculation of time intervals where time is given in

      • 5.4.4.c.2.1 seconds and/or minutes

        • Elapsed time (5-S.3)

      • 5.4.4.c.2.2 minutes and/or hours

        • Elapsed time (5-S.3)
        • Find start and end times: word problems (5-S.4)
        • Schedules and timelines - 12-hour time (5-S.8)
        • Schedules - 24-hour time (5-S.9)

      • 5.4.4.c.2.3 hours and/or days

        • Elapsed time (5-S.3)
        • Time zones - 12-hour time (5-S.6)
        • Time zones - 24-hour time (5-S.7)
        • Schedules and timelines - 12-hour time (5-S.8)
        • Schedules - 24-hour time (5-S.9)

      • 5.4.4.c.2.4 days, weeks and/or months

        • Schedules and timelines - 12-hour time (5-S.8)
        • Schedules - 24-hour time (5-S.9)

      • 5.4.4.c.2.5 years and/or decades

        • Schedules and timelines - 12-hour time (5-S.8)
        • Schedules - 24-hour time (5-S.9)

  • 5.4.4.d History of time

    • 5.4.4.d.1 Know some ways in which time was measured and represented in the past

• 5.4.5 Temperature

  • 5.4.5.a Practical measuring of temperature by

    • 5.4.5.a.1 estimating

      • Choose the more reasonable temperature (5-T.5)

    • 5.4.5.a.2 measuring

      • Compare temperatures above and below zero (6-N.5)

    • 5.4.5.a.3 recording

      • Compare temperatures above and below zero (6-N.5)

    • 5.4.5.a.4 comparing and ordering

      • Compare temperatures above and below zero (6-N.5)

  • 5.4.5.b Measuring instruments:

    • 5.4.5.b.1 thermometers

  • 5.4.5.c Units:

    • 5.4.5.c.1 degrees Celsius

      • Choose the more reasonable temperature (5-T.5)

  • 5.4.5.d Calculations and problem-solving related to temperature include:

    • 5.4.5.d.1 problems in contexts related to temperatures

      • Compare temperatures above and below zero (6-N.5)

    • 5.4.5.d.2 calculating temperature differences limited to positive whole numbers

      • Compare temperatures above and below zero (6-N.5)

• 5.4.6 Perimeter, surface area and volume

  • 5.4.6.a Perimeter

    • 5.4.6.a.1 Measure perimeter using rulers or measuring tapes

      • Perimeter (5-X.1)

  • 5.4.6.b Measurement of area

    • 5.4.6.b.1 Find areas of regular and irregular shapes by counting squares on grids in order to develop an understanding of square units

      • Area of figures made of unit squares (5-X.2)

  • 5.4.6.c Measurement of volume

    • 5.4.6.c.1 Find volume/capacity of objects by packing or filling them in order to develop an understanding of cubic units

      • Volume (5-X.5)

• 5.4.7 History of measurement

5.5 Data Handling

• 5.5.1 Collecting and Organising data

  • 5.5.1.a Collecting and organising data

    • 5.5.1.a.1 Collect data using tally marks and tables for recording

    • 5.5.1.a.2 Order data from smallest group to largest group

• 5.5.2 Representing data

  • 5.5.2.a Representing data

    • 5.5.2.a.1 Draw a variety of graphs to display and interpret data including:

      • 5.5.2.a.1.1 pictographs (many-to-one correspondence)

        • Create pictographs (5-Q.7)

      • 5.5.2.a.1.2 bar graphs

        • Create bar graphs (5-Q.5)

• 5.5.3 Analysing, Interpreting and Reporting data

  • 5.5.3.a Interpreting data

    • 5.5.3.a.1 Critically read and interpret data represented in

      • 5.5.3.a.1.1 words

      • 5.5.3.a.1.2 pictographs

        • Interpret pictographs (5-Q.6)

      • 5.5.3.a.1.3 bar graphs

        • Interpret bar graphs (5-Q.4)

      • 5.5.3.a.1.4 pie charts

        • Pie charts (5-Q.15)

  • 5.5.3.b Analysing data

    • 5.5.3.b.1 Analyse data by answering questions related to:

      • 5.5.3.b.1.1 data categories

        • Interpret bar graphs (5-Q.4)
        • Interpret pictographs (5-Q.6)
        • Pie charts (5-Q.15)
        • Choose the best type of graph (5-Q.16)

      • 5.5.3.b.1.2 data sources and contexts

        • Identify representative, random and biased samples (6-BB.4)

  • 5.5.3.c Reporting data

    • 5.5.3.c.1 Summarise data verbally and in short written paragraphs that include

      • 5.5.3.c.1.1 drawing conclusions about the data

      • 5.5.3.c.1.2 making predictions based on the data

  • 5.5.3.d Ungrouped data

    • 5.5.3.d.1 Examine ungrouped numerical data to determine the most frequently occurring score in the data set (mode)

      • Calculate mean, median and mode (5-R.1)
      • Mean, median and mode: find the missing number (5-R.2)
      • Interpret charts to find mean, median and mode (5-R.3)

• 5.5.4 Probability

  • 5.5.4.a Probability experiments

    • 5.5.4.a.1 Perform simple repeated events and list possible outcomes for experiments such as:

      • 5.5.4.a.1.1 tossing a coin

        • Find the probability (5-R.5)
        • Make predictions (5-R.6)

      • 5.5.4.a.1.2 rolling a die

        • Find the probability (5-R.5)
        • Make predictions (5-R.6)

      • 5.5.4.a.1.3 spinning a spinner

        • Find the probability (5-R.5)
        • Make predictions (5-R.6)

    • 5.5.4.a.2 Count and compare the frequency of actual outcomes for a series of trials up to 20 trials